This book explores the theory of political representation as articulated by the fourteenth-century Italian thinker, Marsilius. It combines historical research o

Appearing in all figural media from the mid-twelfth century, family trees and lineages made political claims for their patrons.

A detailed comparative study of how kings governed late-medieval France and England, analysing the multiple mechanisms of royal power.

During the Ancient Greek and Roman eras, participation in political communities at the local level, and assertion of belonging to these communities, were among

This volume examines modes of political communication between rulers and ruled from antiquity to the present by applying the concept of representation. It explo