The U.S. military has been continuously engaged in foreign conflicts for over two decades. The strains that these deployments, the associated increases in opera

Examines the Army's readiness reporting system in light of changes experienced by Army units in the past decade, particularly the ability of units to adapt to e

From a military operational standpoint, surprise is an event or capability that could affect the outcome of a mission or campaign for which preparations are not

Throughout most of American history, U.S. military forces proved unready for the wars that were thrust upon them and suffered costly reverses in early battles.

The Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel & Readiness), referred to throughout this report as P&R, is responsible for the total force management o