Lichens make excellent material for field studies throughout the year and are valuable for the detection and mapping of pollution. This book provides an overvie

A comprehensive, up-to-date review of lichens as biomonitors of air pollution (bioindication, metal and radionuclide accumulation, biomarkers), and as monitors

Lichens are highly valued ecological indicators known for their sensitivity to a wide variety of environmental stressors like air quality and climate change. Th

Air pollution has been recognised as the worlds top problem in many strategic environmental policies. However, it is still inadequately corroborated by regulato