A review of modern approaches existing nowadays in ecological modelling of forest ecosystems in boreal and temperate forests. The book contains data on contempo

A critical review of modern approaches in simulation, spatial and theoretical (analytical) mathematical modelling of forest stands, soils and ecosystems with sp

Fundamental changes have occurred in all aspects of forestry over the last 50 years, including the underlying science, societal expectations of forests and thei

Modelling is an important tool for understanding the complexity of forest ecosystems and the variety of interactions of ecosystem components, processes and valu

Ecology is the study of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment, including the biotic and abiotic components. There are at least six kind