Historians typically single out the hundred-year period from about 1050 to 1150 as the pivotal moment in the history of the Latin Church, for it was then that t

The eleventh-century papal reform transformed western European Church and society and permanently altered the relations of Church and State in the west. The ref

For the third edition, this comprehensive history of the great heretical movements of the Middle Ages has been updated to take account of recent research in the

Archbishop Angelo Roncali (later Pope John XXIII) read True and False Reform during his years as papal nuncio in France and asked, A reform of the church 'is su

This work explores the role of canon law in the ecclesiastical reform movement of the eleventh century, commonly known as the Gregorian Reform. Focusing on the